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DNA fingerprinting is used to test a persons’ genetic information such as the DNA. It is called fingerprinting because the chances of 2 people sharing the same genetic information is highly unlikely.
The technique was developed by Alec Jefferys in 1984 when he noticed that sequences of variable DNA which do not contribute to functions, are repeated. (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2016). DNA fingerprinting is based on DNA analysis from sections of the genes called introns, which are not sections of the protein that the gene encodes. (Encyclopedia, 2005). Introns are used because exons are conserved and have less variability in their sequences (Encyclopedia, 2005). A sample containing DNA has to be collected such as, hair, saliva or blood and then purified. Nuclear DNA is analyzed when the sample is something such as blood, semen or salivia, whereas, mitochondrial DNA is used when the sample is hair, bone or teeth (Encyclopedia, 2005). The DNA was then cut at restriction sites along the strand with proteins known as restriction enzymes, and then underwent electrophoresis where they were able to travel down the agarose gel depending on the size; the shorter the fragment, the faster it moved (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2016).
When using DNA fingerprinting, the bands of DNA appear when using agarose gel and then placed under a light so the bands appear visible. The crime scene DNA is in a single lane, while the multiple suspects are in the lanes beside. Once the bands become visible, one of the suspects bands will line up horizontally with the crime scene DNA. This indicates that the repeats of the DNA were the same length because they travelled the same distance in the same amount of time.
DNA fingerprinting is used to test a persons’ genetic information such as the DNA. It is called fingerprinting because the chances of 2 people sharing the same genetic information is highly unlikely.
The technique was developed by Alec Jefferys in 1984 when he noticed that sequences of variable DNA which do not contribute to functions, are repeated. (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2016). DNA fingerprinting is based on DNA analysis from sections of the genes called introns, which are not sections of the protein that the gene encodes. (Encyclopedia, 2005). Introns are used because exons are conserved and have less variability in their sequences (Encyclopedia, 2005). A sample containing DNA has to be collected such as, hair, saliva or blood and then purified. Nuclear DNA is analyzed when the sample is something such as blood, semen or salivia, whereas, mitochondrial DNA is used when the sample is hair, bone or teeth (Encyclopedia, 2005). The DNA was then cut at restriction sites along the strand with proteins known as restriction enzymes, and then underwent electrophoresis where they were able to travel down the agarose gel depending on the size; the shorter the fragment, the faster it moved (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2016).
When using DNA fingerprinting, the bands of DNA appear when using agarose gel and then placed under a light so the bands appear visible. The crime scene DNA is in a single lane, while the multiple suspects are in the lanes beside. Once the bands become visible, one of the suspects bands will line up horizontally with the crime scene DNA. This indicates that the repeats of the DNA were the same length because they travelled the same distance in the same amount of time.